Tag: NOI

解题报告

题目传送门：http://www.lydsy.com/JudgeOnline/problem.php?id=3672
神犇题解：http://blog.csdn.net/lych_cys/article/details/51317809

解题报告

一句话题解：树上CDQ分治

先推一推式子，发现可以斜率优化
于是我们可以用树链剖分做到$O(n \log^3 n)$
或者也可以用KD-Tree配合DFS序做到$O(n^{1.5} \log n)$

我们进一步观察，使单纯的DFS序不能做的地方在于凸包是动态的，查询也是动态的且限制了横坐标的最小值
考虑分治的话，我们按横坐标的限制排序，然后边查询边更新凸包就可以了
总的时间复杂度：$O(n \log^2 n)$

Code

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#define LL long long
using namespace std;

const int N = 200009;
const int M = N << 1;
const LL INF = 6e18;

int n, head[N], nxt[M], to[M], fa[N];
LL q[N], p[N], len[N], dep[N], f[N];

struct Point{
	LL x, y, id, range;
	inline Point() {
	}
	inline Point(LL a, LL b, LL c, LL d):x(a), y(b), id(c), range(d) {
	}
	inline bool operator < (const Point &P) const {
		return x > P.x || (x == P.x && y > P.y);
	}
	inline Point operator - (const Point &P) {
		return Point(x - P.x, y - P.y, 0, 0);
	}
	inline double operator * (const Point &P) {
		return (double)x * P.y - (double)y * P.x;
	}
	inline double slope(const Point &P) {
		return (double)(y - P.y) / (x - P.x);
	}
	static bool update(const Point &P1, const Point &P2) {
		return P1.range > P2.range;
	}
};

inline LL read() {
	char c = getchar(); LL ret = 0, f = 1;
	for (; c < '0' || c > '9'; f = c == '-'? -1: 1, c = getchar());
	for (; '0' <= c && c <= '9'; ret = ret * 10 + c - '0', c = getchar());
	return ret * f;
}

inline void AddEdge(int u, int v) {
	static int E = 1;
	to[++E] = v; nxt[E] = head[u]; head[u] = E; 
	to[++E] = u; nxt[E] = head[v]; head[v] = E; 
}

class DivideAndConquer{
int sz[N], vis[N];
public:	
	inline void solve(int w, int universe) {
		int top = w;
		vis[w = FindRoot(w, universe)] = 1;
		if (fa[w] && !vis[fa[w]]) {
			solve(top, universe - sz[w]);
		}
		vector<Point> cvx;
		for (int nw = fa[w]; dep[nw] >= dep[top]; nw = fa[nw]) {
			cvx.push_back(Point(dep[nw], f[nw], nw, dep[nw] - len[nw]));
		}
		vector<Point> que;
		que.push_back(Point(dep[w], 0, w, dep[w] - len[w]));
		for (int i = head[w]; i; i = nxt[i]) {
			if (dep[to[i]] > dep[w] && !vis[to[i]]) {
				DFS(to[i], w, que);
			}	
		}	
		
		sort(que.begin(), que.end(), Point::update);
		sort(cvx.begin(), cvx.end());
		for (int i = 0, j = 0, tot = 0; i < (int)que.size(); i++) {
			for (; j < (int)cvx.size() && cvx[j].x >= que[i].range; j++) {
				for (; tot > 1 && (cvx[tot - 1] - cvx[tot - 2]) * (cvx[j] - cvx[tot - 2]) >= 0; --tot);
				cvx[tot++] = cvx[j];
			}
			int ret = tot - 1, l = 0, r = tot - 2, mid, k = que[i].id;
			while (l <= r) {
				mid = l + r >> 1;
				if (cvx[mid].slope(cvx[mid + 1]) <= p[k]) {
					ret = mid;
					r = mid - 1;
				} else {
					l = mid + 1;
				}
			}
			if (ret >= 0) {
				f[k] = min(f[k], cvx[ret].y + (dep[k] - cvx[ret].x) * p[k] + q[k]);
			}
		}
		for (int i = 0, j; i < (int)que.size(); i++) {
			if (j = que[i].id, que[i].range <= dep[w]) {
				f[j] = min(f[j], f[w] + (dep[j] - dep[w]) * p[j] + q[j]);
			}
		}
		que.clear();
		cvx.clear();
	
		for (int i = head[w]; i; i = nxt[i]) {
			if (dep[to[i]] > dep[w] && !vis[to[i]]) {
				solve(to[i], sz[to[i]]);
			}
		}	
	}	
private:
	inline int FindRoot(int w, int universe) {
		int ret = 0, ans;
		FindRoot(w, w, universe, ret, ans);
		return ret;
	}	
	inline void FindRoot(int w, int f, int universe, int &ret, int &ans) {
		int mx = 1; sz[w] = 1;
		for (int i = head[w]; i; i = nxt[i]) {
			if (!vis[to[i]] && to[i] != f) {
				FindRoot(to[i], w, universe, ret, ans);
				sz[w] += sz[to[i]];
				mx = max(mx, sz[to[i]]);
			}
		}
		mx = max(mx, universe - sz[w]);
		if (!ret || mx < ans) {
			ans = mx;
			ret = w;
		}
	}
	inline void DFS(int w, int f, vector<Point> &ret) {
		ret.push_back(Point(dep[w], 0, w, dep[w] - len[w]));
		for (int i = head[w]; i; i = nxt[i]) {
			if (!vis[to[i]] && to[i] != f) {
				DFS(to[i], w, ret);
			}
		}
	}
}DAC;

int main() {
	n = read(); read();
	for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
		fa[i] = read();
		LL c = read(); AddEdge(fa[i], i);
		p[i] = read(); q[i] = read();
		len[i] = read();
		dep[i] = dep[fa[i]] + c;
	}
	fill(f, f + N, INF);
	f[1] = 0; dep[0] = -1;
	DAC.solve(1, n);
	for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
		printf("%lld\n", f[i]);
	}
	return 0;
}