【TopCoder SRM713】DFSCount

相关链接

题目传送门:https://community.topcoder.com/stat?c=problem_statement&pm=14588&rd=16882

题目大意

给定一个$n(n \le 14)$的简单无向图,问$DFS$序总共可能有多少种不同情况

解题报告

这是一个非常妙妙的$DP$
考虑定义$f_{i,j}$表示当前在第$i$个点,已经走过的点压成二进制状态为$j$
但我们发现这样无法实现$DFS$模拟当中的退回操作

但我们考虑一下$DFS$树:这货是没有横叉边的,只有返祖边
这意味着我们如果决定朝一个方向走,那么一定是把那一个连通块走完才会退回来
于是我么可以不一步一步转移,我们可以把一整块连通块一起转移,这样就不需要模拟$DFS$的回退操作了

至于这份代码是:$O(n^2 2^n)$的
实现得精细一点可以做到$O(n 2^n)$

Code

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#define LL long long
using namespace std;
 
int n,id[15];
bool g[15][15],vis[15];
LL f[15][17000],pw[15],pol[15];

class DFSCount {
    public:
    	long long count(vector<string> G) {
    		pw[0] = 1;
    		for (int i=1;i<=14;i++) {
				pw[i] = pw[i-1] * i;
			}
    	    n = G.size();
    	    for (int i=0;i<n;i++) {
				for (int j=0;j<n;j++) {
					if (G[i][j] == 'Y') g[i][j] = 1;
					else g[i][j] = 0;
				}
			}
    	    memset(f, 0, sizeof(f));
			for (int i=0;i<n;i++) {
				f[i][(1<<n)-1] = 1;
			}
			for (int sta=(1<<n)-2;sta>0;sta--) {
				for (int i=0;i<n;i++) {
					if (!(sta&(1<<i))) continue;
					for (int j=0;j<n;j++) {
						vis[j] = (sta & (1 << j));
					}
					int cnt = 0;
					for (int j=0;j<n;j++) {
						if (g[i][j] && !(sta&(1<<j))) {
							if (!vis[j]) {
								DFS(j, ++cnt);
								pol[cnt] = 0;
							}
							pol[id[j]] += f[j][(1<<j)|sta];
						}
					}
					f[i][sta] = pw[cnt];
					for (int j=1;j<=cnt;j++) {
						f[i][sta] *= pol[j];
					}
				}
			}
			LL ret = 0;
			for (int i=0;i<n;i++) {
				ret += f[i][1<<i];
			}
			return ret;
   		}
   	private:
   		void DFS(int w, int ID) {
			vis[w] = 1; 
			id[w] = ID;
			for (int i=0;i<n;i++) {
				if (g[w][i] && !vis[i]) {
					DFS(i, ID);
				} 
			}   
		}
};

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